Convertible pneumatic motor and compressor



.Reh-2o, 1923. 1,445,291.

c. .1. DEWEY.l

' CONVERTIBLE PNEUMATIG MOTOR AND COMPRESSOR.

FILED APR. la. 1921. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

"gli

Feb. 20, 1923. f f 1,446,291..

c. 1. DEWEY'.

CONVERTIBLE PNEUMATIC MOTOR AND COMPRESSOR.

FILED APR. 18. 1921. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

f @u C55@ 6'4/ Q6 1g 6 mi Feb, 2Q, 1.923, 1,446,291.

. C. J- DEWEY,

CONVERTIBLE .PNEuMATlc M0103 AND COMPRESSOR,

FILED APR. 1B. 1921. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. 6 y l` 102g .y 10o v motor With a speed changing gear Patented Feb. Zd, 192.

l star Milt-6,2931

CHARLES J. newer, or CHICAGO, Immers;

convriie'rrzsnn rnnnrnrrc Moron AND ooivirnnsson.

Application ined api-n is,

To all whom it may] camcom Be it known that l, @Hannes J. DEWEY, a citizen ol the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county oi" Cook and State oit' Illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Convertible Pneumatic Motors and1(loinpresssors, olf which the tolw lowing' a specification.

The inventioi'i 'relates to iniproveinente in 'meuinatic motors and compressors;

@ne ofthe objects ot thc inventiouisto improve pneumatic motors and compressors.` l

Another object is to provide a piste-n propelled rota-ry inotor that may conveniently and economically beoperated by the exhaust gases from aninternal combustion engine, or `'from a tank reservoir or' any lnid under pressure.

Another object isy to `provide a motor, operable as described, which hay be employed l'or operating a signal horn on an :uitoniobile, or igor other-purposes Where power is required.

Another obj ect is to provide a pneun'iatic motor 'which may be used as' an air conipressor when mechanicallydriven by a suitablesource ot 'power and which alternatively may be used upon an automobile for the pur# pose ot' intlating the tires.4 f

Other, further and morespeci'ticobjects of the invention Will-become readily apparent, to persong skilledlin the art, from a consideration of the following description when taken iny conjunction with thev1 drawings, `wherein Fig. 1 shows the motor side elevation connected to a mechanically operated horn;

Fig'. 2 is an enlarged section taken on line 2;-2 of Fig.- 1. i i i i Fig. 4l is Fig. 3. i Y

Fig. 5 isan elevation of a corrugated 'disk used for vibrating the diaphragm i of" the horn. y

Fig; Gis an enlarged side elevation of the attached a section taken on line al-ll of thereto and-'shown in section.

F 7 isfa `plan 'view-of the motor shoiv inn` it connected to ane-ir tank.

y In all the views` the same reference characters are employed to indicate. similar parts. The motor is contained practically7 and preferably in twoparts, the crank casing' 10 1921. Serial No. 432,403.

and the valve casing 11. Thecrank casing 10 may be divided in two parts, 13 and 14, so that thepart 13 may be removed by taking out the screws 15 for access to the crank shaft and connecting` rods. rlhecrank shaft 16 is provided With'tWo cranks 17 and 18. rllhere are four cylinders; radiating from the casing 10,` associated in tWo pairs, 19, 20,

. 21 and 22. The'cylinder 21 is parallel With the cylinder 22 `and is in substantial alignnient therewith and bears the same relation thereto as `the cylinder 19 bears to the cylinder 20. Each of the cylinders isprovided with a' removable bushingr 24 secured in place bythe screi7 27 -which passesthru the Walls of the cylinder into a suitable Popening in the bushing.l The bushings are each screvvthreaded at its'upper end, as at 25, and contains screw threaded lcylinder hea-d 2G removably secured in each bushing. Eachot the cylinders containsfa reciprocativev pis# ton, thel cylinders ofapair being' -indicated by the saine numerals vWith( they addition of the exponents prime and each of the pistons isprovided 'with two piston ringsQS.

The connecting rods of all the pistons are alike and yeach connecting rod 29 is `provided on one end with a ball 30 which is held in the socketl, or' the piston, so as to give the piston roduniversal movement. rlfhe other end 32, of thepiston rod, is threaded to receive a nut 33. One `ofthe horizontal pistons and one ofthe vertical pistons, constituting a. pair, are connected to the saine crank arm, thus the crank arm 1T has one pair connected thereto, and the crank arm 18, the other pair o'l the fourcylinders. The bearings for the crank shaft/iter connection to the connecting` `rods consist of two members 84C and hinged together at 36,'each having a threaded end 37 and 38, ior inclusion Within the nut One ot the connecting rods has tivo fork members 39 and fl-O connected too'ether Vasat 41 the" other 10c connecting' rod has a tivo-part bearing` 4Q that is included between the members 39and d0, the two parts of the'bea-ringare held together by means ot' the'nut 33, as heretofore described. i

lV hen the device is used as a motor the air inlet for admittingair, or other lluidunder'pressure, consists of the hollow threaded boss 4:3,"into which :isfsecured a` pipe 44; for conducting theV fluid under pressure to the lio motor. y

A lateral conduit dfffronrtlie boss lil comwith a flat part 7 5 that enters a transversely municateg with an opening in the valve casing 11, as more clearly shown in Fig. et.

T he valve casing 11 has two angularly related cylinders 46 and 47, each containing a bushing 18 held in the respective cylinders by screw 419,01" otherwise. The bushings are open at their outer ends. A hollow piston valve 50 controls `t-he air for the two vertically disposed cylinders 19 and 20, while the piston valve 51 performs the same serv-ice for the horizontally disposed cylinders. The piston valves 50 and 51 are each hollow and are moved in timed relation with the pistons inthe respective cylinders. rEhe valve 50 has a port near oncend, cut into the interior 511, and another similar port 55,

near the other end, also communicating withl the interior of the piston valve. A n annular groove 56 extends around the piston and; communicates `with port i523. y A similar groove 57 communicates with the port 55. An-intermediate longer groove 58 extends around the piston 50 and is adapted to communicate with the ports 59 and 60 made thru the bushings 18 of the cylinders.

When the device is used asa motor and when piston valve 50. is iii posit-ion shown'in Fig. 1, air under pressure will pass from pipe 90 or 97 thru valve 91 into pipe 44E, thence thru conduits 45 and 61 into ports 60 and 58, thence thru port 62,-channel 61- into cylinder 19.` 1n theineantime air is being exhausted from cylinderQO thru conduit 66, ports 59, 56 and 53 into the hollow piston r50 and thru port 55 to thek atmosphere. Vhen` piston valve moves upwardly, then cylinder 20 will receive air under pressure and cylinder 19 will exhaust thru the hollow piston valve, as described. `Piston valve 51 performs the same service for cylinders 21 and 22 in proper timed relation.

In theipresent exempli'cation ofthe invention, the piston valves 50 and 51are` moved by an eccentric that has bearing support on the reduced end 71 of the crank shaft.

The end 16 ofthe shaft 16 is provided extending groove in the eccentric 70 and the end o'f thefshaft 71 for the purpose of rotating 'thesama and sothat the casing 11 may be removed conveniently from the casing` i 10. Each of the eccentrics is surrounded by an eccentric strap 76 and 77, respectively, each-having an arm 78 to engage a pin 79 which is a part of the pistonvalves.

The crank case 10 and the valve case 11 may be partly lled with oil, for the purpose of lubricating` the` pistons, cylinders and the moving parts connected with the shaft, and aplug 80 may be screwed into the casing 10 thru which the oil from the two casings may be emptied.

The motor described may be used for vibrating a diaphragm 84 of the horn 85, or for any other purpose. In the horn a corrugated disk 86 is secured to the end of the shaft 16 and is caused to make rotating contact with a threaded pin 87 that extends thru the diaphragm 811.

rlhe disk 86 may be rotated directly by the shaft 16 or it may be rotated by an intermediate train `of gears, as hereinafter more fully described.

An air reservoir or tank 96 is connected to the pipe 411 thru a pipe 97 and the valve 91. 1t is also connected by pipe 98 thru the valve 9d tothe pipe 98, so that either pipes 97 or 98 may be brought into connection with the motor by rotation of the valves 91 and 94C;

l/Vhen it is desirable to opera-te the motor from the air contained inthe tank 96 the valve 91 may be rotated so as to close pipe 90, whereupon air will enter the motor thru the-pipes 97 and 1&1 land be exhausted thru pipes 98 and 95, and when it is desired to compress air in the tank 96 by means of the motor compressor, valve 94 may be turned so as to close .the pipe 95, whereupon Vwhen the motor is driven by power `furnished fromthe automobile engine thru the gear 99, air to be conipressedwill be taken in thru the pipe 90 and pass thru the pipe 14 and into the device heretofore described, and will be exhausted into the air tank 96, thru the pipes 93 and 98, and pass the valvev94, in the manner to be readily understood.

The gear wheel 99 is connected to the shaft 100 by a clutch 101 operated by the lever 102, which is pivoted as at 103. This gear wheel may be driven by any suitable means from the engine. The shaftr 100 passes thru the casings 10 and 11 into-,a gear changing casing 105. The shaft 100 carries gear wheels 106 and 107 in the casing 105. d

An intermediate jack shaft 108 carries Aa shiftable gear 109 moved along the shaft 108 by means of the hand operated lever 110. Another shaft 111, having a bearing ,112 in one end of the crank shaft 16, carries a gear wheel 113, and it also carries the corrugated disk 86. When the shiftingl gear wheel 109 is brought into mesh with the gears 106 and 113, the horn will be operated by the power that drives the shaft 100. 1f the gear wheel 109 be now shifted on the shaft '108 until it is brought into mesh with the gear wheel 115, which isfastened to the crank shaft 16, then the compressor will be driven by the shaft 109 from power furnished by the engine of the automobile thru the gear wheel 99. 'If the gear' wheel 109 be shifted until it is in mesh with the wheels 116'and 115, then when the exhaust gases from the engine vare the means by which the motor is driven, the horn will be operated.` `VVhen the `gear wheel 109 is in the position shown in Fig.y 6 then the horn will not be operated. If the exhaust gases from the engine or if the fluid from the tank 96 is to be employed iis y for operating the motor, then, of course, the clutch 101 will not connect the gear wheel 99, with the shaft 100, in which event the horn may be Operated by means of the motor by having the gear wheel 109 connect the gears 115 and 116 together.

When it is desired to infiate the tires from the device a hose may be connected to the valve cap 120, and the motor mechanically driven by the automobile engine `or air may be taken from the tank 96.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a device ofthe character described a two-part casing; a cylinder; a lining for the cylinder; a threaded head in the lining; a shaft having a crank; a connecting rod connecting' the crank and piston; a bearing divided into two hinged together parts and having two spaced apart bearing members surrounding the crank; a threaded nut to hold the two parts together and to secure them to the connecting rod and another similar bearing located on the crank between the two spaced-apart members for a piston rod connected to a piston having its axis disposed at an angle from the axis of the first mentioned piston.

2. A device of the character described comprising a crank casing; two pairs of cylinders extending therefrom, one pair angularly disposed with respect to the other pair; a valve casing separably connected to the crank casing; a pair of cylinders extending therefrom, one angularly disposed with respect to the other; a lining in each cylinder; a threaded head in each lining; a twopart crank shaft extending thru both casings and a connection between the two parts of said shafts arranged to become discon-` nected by movement of the two parts away from each other as when the casings are separated.

3. A device of the character described comprising a crank casing; two pairs of cylinders extending therefrom, one pair angularly disposed with respect to the other pair; a valve casing preferably connected to the crank casing; a pair of cylinders extending therefrom, one cylinder angularly disposed with respect to the other; a lining in each cylinder; a threaded head in ,each

lining; a two-part crank shaft extending thru both casings, and a driving connection between the two parts of said shaft arranged to become disconnected by movement of the two parts, one away from the other, as when the casings are separated, and Huid conduits extending from the cylinders of one casing to the cylinders of the other casing brought into registering alignment when the casings are connected together.

4c. A device of the character described comprising a cylinder; a crank shaft; a piston in the cylinder; a connecting rod connecting the crank and piston, in combination with a valve casing; a hollow piston valve therein, closed at both ends, said valve having ports extending from itsperiphery toI the interior thereof, whereby to,eXhaust the first mentioned cylinder thru the ports of the hollow piston valve on the out stroke and to take in a iuid thru the piston on the in stroke, and means to move the valves and pistons in proper timed relation.

5. A device of the character described comprising a crank casing; a plurality of cylinders radiating therefrom; another plurality of similar cylinders radiating therefrom disposed at an anUle from the first set of cylinders; a hollow hub projecting from the casing, between the aforesaid sets of cylinders to which yto Iconnect an intake pipe; a two way valve therein; a valve casing detachably connected to said crank casing; a cylinder radiating from the valve casing in axialyalignment with each of the aforesaid cylinders; hollow piston valves closed at both ends in the cylinders of the valve casing; a crank shaft extending thru both casings; a conduit from the hollow hub to each of the valve cylinders and a conduit from each of the valve cylinders to one of the sets of cylinders; said piston valves having' ports into their interior thru which the respective cylinders exhaust.

(i. A device of the character described comprising a convertible pneumatic pump and a motor; a signal horn operable thereby; means to mechanically Operate the horn without driving the motor and means to drive the motor without operating the horn.

ln testimony whereof I hereunto subscribed my name.

CHARLES J. DEl/VEY. 

